CLINICAL PARAMETERS OF RABBITS UNDER CONDITIONS OF HEAT STRESS AND EXPOSURE TO ZINC, SELENIUM AND GERMANIUM CITRATE NANOPARTICLES
Abstract
Increased ambient temperature negatively affects the thermoregulation of rabbits. Under the conditions of high temperature and humidity, homeostatic mechanisms are disturbed and negatively affect the functioning of the animal's body, which requires effective measures to mitigate the effect of heat stress. The study was conducted on young rabbits of the Thermon White breed from 35 to 78 days of age in the vivarium of the Institute of Animal Biology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The rabbits were kept in the vivarium at an elevated ambient temperature of 28.9 to 30 °C and relative humidity of 78.1 to 87.4 %. Rabbits of experimental groups I, II, and III consumed the same feed and water without restrictions as animals in the control groups, but received water for 24 hours: Experimental group I - zinc citrate - 60 mg/l or 12 mg/kg body weight; group II - selenium citrate - 300 µg/l or 60 µg/kg body weight; group III - germanium citrate - 62.5 µg/l or 12.5 µg/kg body weight. The study of ear temperature, rectal temperature, respiratory rate and heart rate was carried out on the 14th day of the preparatory period and on the 14th and 29th days of supplementation in the experimental period under conditions of severe heat stress. The aim of the work was to determine the clinical parameters of the rabbit body: respiratory rate, heart rate, rectal temperature, ear temperature under conditions of heat stress and exposure to zinc, selenium and germanium citrate nanoparticles. The temperature and humidity were monitored using a Trotec ВL30 thermo-hygrometer with data logger. Humidity and temperature were measured by an electronic monoblock air analyser. The comfort of rabbits was assessed using the temperature-humidity index. It was found that feeding zinc citrate nanoparticles (60 mg/l) and selenium citrate (300 μg/l) under conditions of severe heat stress increased respiratory rate by 12.05 % (P<0.05) and 16.47 % (P<0.01) on day 29 of the study. A decrease in rectal temperature by 0.8 °C was recorded on day 14 of the experiment when zinc citrate was administered.
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