DETERMINATION OF POL LUTANT EMISSIONS FRO M RABBIT ROOMS INTO ATMOSPHER IC AIR DEPENDING ON THE ACTION OF SOME PARATYPICAL FACTORS

Анотація

The relevance of the work is determined by the need to determine coefficients of daily emission of pollutants from the premises of small livestock facilities. The aim ofe wo
rk was to compare the coefficients of the daily emission of pollutants into the atmospheric air from the rabbit hutch by calculation and instrumental methods. The coefficients of daily emission of pollutants were determined depending on the frequency of ma nure removal and the period of the year. Bibliographic, instrumental, mathematical and analytical research methods were used to fulfill the tasks. The experimental work was carried out in a brick room, equipped with a supply exhaust ventilation system with a mechanical drive, on the farm of the Cherkasy experimental station of bioresources NAAS. The
research was carried out using rabbits of the poltavske sriblobreed, which were kept in galvanized cage batteries on a continuous concrete floor with one and two removal of manure. The density of planting rabbits was 12.5-13.0 heads/m2. Analytical studies have shown that in Ukraine, currently, there are no approved indicators of daily emission coefficients from rabbit farms for carbon dioxide and methane. However, they are both greenhouse gases. According to the results of experimental studies, the preliminary coefficients of the daily emission of carbon dioxide and methane for small rabbit breeding facilities were determined. They were, respectively, 1250g x day-1for CO2and 40g x day-1for CH4per 100 kg of live weight of rabbits. In addition, it is shown that the coefficients of daily emission of ammonia into atmospheric air for the winter and spring and summer and autumn periods, determined by the instrumental method, were 1.5-3.2 and 6.3-9.9times higher than the calculated ones, respectively. This may be due to the year-round keeping of the animals in a closed rabbit house with a concrete floor in galvanized cage batteries. At the same time, the coefficients of daily emission of fine dust (PM1-10) for the winter and spring and summer and autumn periods, determined by the instrumental method, were lower by 66.9-188.5 and 55.8-89.4 times, respectively. A significant variability of the coefficients of daily emission of polluting substances from the premises was established, depending on the period of the year, in particular, for ammonia, methane and fine dust. Two time removal of manure from the premises of the rabbit hutch likely reduced the average annual emission coefficients of carbon dioxide, ammonia, and methane by 8.4%, 7.9%, and 17.8%, respectively, but increased the average annual emission coefficient of
fine dust by 3.9%